R. Jean Mathieu's Innerspace

SF/F, sociology, some recipes. Updates every other Friday.

Page 8 of 26

AI, Automation, and Deutomation

This post is now part of a grand conversation in the SFWA about machine learning, AI, and its impact on fiction. For more points of view, click here.

First, it’s not AI. It’s machine learning, aided and abetted by human input from stem to stern. It’s essentially your phone’s text prediction but with more sweat and blood in. Which is an accomplishment, but it’s not Mr. Data.

Second, read this article of Unmitigated Pedantry. Bret Devereux articulated a lot of the half-formed ideas I’ve had about what we’ll call AI for argument’s sake as of last Friday.

Go ahead, I’ll wait.

That was where I stood two days ago.

Yesterday, Clarkesworld closed for submissions.

Neil Clarke is about the nicest man in science fiction. He’s also dedicated. He didn’t close for submissions during his heart attack. He’s made some dread pact with a dark power to always get his responses out within three days. He’s the best paying regular market for short fiction, and everyone’s first port of call.

Being the first port of call, he got maybe 50 submissions a month. But now…

That staggering difference is AI-written slush, clogging up the works. Neil is one man. He can’t read all that in a month, much less reply in three days.

Taylor Swift had a song about this.

And it’s just the tip of the iceberg. Sheila Williams at Asimov’s may have a team, but how overwhelmed are they going to be this year compared to last year? And AI detection software is still crude, and, anyway, that just starts another arms race with each trying to outwit the other. You’ll never know if your AI detector will work today or if some bright spark in Russia just came up with something that technically passes. Right now, like Dr. Devereux, there are some stereotypical aspects of machine-generated writing (fake citations, boring but technically perfect plotting) that we can pick up on, but humans are fallible, too, and those visible signals are going to evolve.

The problem isn’t with the machine-learning ‘AI’ as such.

Er, not yet anyway.

It has potential for aiding the handicapped (alt text generators, automatic closed captioning), for assisting writers in the outlining, story-bible-checking, and other “preproduction” phases, and putting Depositphotos book covers out of business.

I mean, look at this crap!

The problem is that it’s being implemented by people who, as Kane Lynch pointed out last night over my wife’s roast artichoke and vegan pasta, fundamentally do not understand what art is or what it’s for. A few weeks ago, this tweet made the rounds.

The NFT bored monkey avatar is the icing on the shitcake here.

This is the problem. The people who are developing AI and presently leading the narrative on what it is, does, and means do not understand how real human beings work. I rather enjoy porn, and despite what this fellow thinks, I’ve had access to pictures of naked or nearly-naked men, women, and others for the better part of three decades, some of it even computer-generated. It does not replace my wife’s roast artichoke and vegan pasta, our long meandering conversations, the brightness in her eyes when I show her some new science fiction I’ve known for ages, her incisive wit editing my work, her embrace, the sound of her prayers, or her passion and creativity…for art and leftist politics! *koff*

Now, this guy is easy to mock. In fact…

…but the people back of AI “art” and “fiction” just as fundamentally misunderstand how humans work. Art and fiction aren’t just an extruded mass to consume – even at the bottom barrel-scrapings of porn, romance, and pulp. Even mediocre (written) porn, you’re reading for the artist’s personality – their verbal tics and turns of phrase and weird little obsessions. The sub-mediocre stuff is full of shortcuts – cut/paste, entire stories resold with the names changed – and I have no doubt they’ll turn to this shortcut too. (It’s hard writing a novella a week, and I have immense respect and trepidation for those authors that actually do!) But the moment you say “I like this author” and you even subconsciously notice their nom-de-plume next time you search, you’re out of the stuff that AI can automate.

Because writing and art aren’t about automation. They’re about personality. And personality comes from deutomation.

“What the Hell is deutomation?”

To deutomate something is the opposite of automating it – it renders a process more involved and more conscious. Deutomation makes art (including fiction) better. That’s why we self-edit so many drafts and read and reread our prose until we detest it. Because the time and effort and labor involved makes the writing better. This is not a bug, this is a feature. It grinds our personality, our unconscious obsessions and verbal tics, into the writing, so it bursts off the page.

Automating art gets it fundamentally bass-ackwards. I can see usages of this kind of machine-generated art for sketches, tests, roughs – testing the ideas. But for the actual creation of the work of art you plan to show other people as a finished objet d’art? That’s something that gets better from deutomating it, not automating it.

And yet, people who don’t think they need to pay for writing, or even ask permission, are the people training these “AIs” and proclaiming them THE FUTURE! as loudly as the terrorists in Doña Ana Lucía Serranoto the Future!. These are people who, as near as I can tell from out here, don’t believe in ethical constraints on their work, nor understand what human beings might want from their work, and when confronted, just verbally bully their interlocutors and crow “well this is the future GET USED TO IT LUDDITE!” These aren’t people I want in charge of my cheese drawer, much less disruptive technology. I have a nice double-crème brie in there, it’d spoil from disruption.

Mathieu’s Law of New Technology – assume bad actors exist, and they will use your technology to harm other people.

I’m not actually afraid of “AI” stealing my job. Like Dr. Devereux, the fundamental misunderstanding of what my job is insulates me from that, and my extensive experience reading porn and seeing where the shortcuts stop gives me some experience in predicting where this shortcut will also stop. But I am worried about clog. We’re going to clog up (if the AI boosters are to be believed) legal services, medical services, movie theaters, Google searches, and, not least, editor’s inboxes, with substandard machine-extruded “content” that drowns out anything useful, because machine learning can’t at present, and may never, understand its content. If I wanted terrible medical advice, WebMD is already right there, telling me I have uterine cancer. It’s the phone tree for tech support all over again.

And what do we scream at the phone tree? “GET ME A REAL PERSON!”

We’re gonna still want a real person – especially a real artist or writer or musician. But this is the phone tree writ large, at amounts that cripple Neil Clarke the way a heart attack never could. I don’t have any solutions to this – though SFWA are fervently discussing possible stopgaps – but asking the right question is the first and most important step toward any solution.

My apologies, this wasn’t a super-tight argument about The Right Way Forward with AI – although a culture shift that maybe ethical constraints like asking permission before training on someone’s blood, sweat, tears, and IP actually apply to how technology is used would be a good start. This is a series of thoughts from one writer who’s been trying to imagine better futures for two and a half decades.

But, seriously, engineers? Assume bad actors exist. And assume they will use your technology. Please.

Doña Ana Lucía Serrano y la Caja de Venuswood

This is the opening scene of a story I’m shopping around, “Doña Ana Lucía Serrano y la Caja de Venuswood (Doña Ana Lucía Serrano and the Venuswood Box).” Next time someone asks “what is solarpunk?” I’m showing them this, because these dozen paragraphs are pure, distilled solarpulp.

Credit to Kim Schmidt, always
Credit to Kim Schmidt, as always

“I wonder what they hold over you, Doña Ana Lucía.” Said Anni Talavalakar. “Did you ‘retrieve’ a relic from your own museum? Seduce a Senator’s lover? I like to think you killed a man, it’s the romantic in me.”

“It is a little of all three.” Doña Ana Lucía smiled — a feral smile on her imperious, cultivated features.

The two Syndicate goons juddered her a little.

“And you still won’t tell me where my venuswood box is…? A pity.” Anni looked up, out toward her stars, gears ticking beneath her silver streak. “But since you have done me the honor of revealing your unspoken truth, I can freely give you this…with your consent.”

“F-freely given.” Confirmed the stunned archaeologist.

She leaned up, and pressed naked lip to blood-red. Her mouth was rich and full, with the confidence of age and the playfulness of youth. Anni even marked the end with a little flick of her tongue that hit Doña Ana Lucía like the sting at the end of a melody.

Anni lingered there, her dark hand caressing Doña Ana Lucía’s morena cheek, her gaze taking in as much of the archaeologist as she could. The Syndicate goons filling the train car looked on respectfully, without a sound.

Finally, Anni drew back and took a deep, regret-filled sigh.

“Toss her.”

The taste of her goodbye kiss lingered on Doña Ana Lucía’s lips as they threw her over the drumhead.

She knew the fall was not far: two meters, if that. But it went on forever, long enough that Ana Lucía could see the stars overhead all wink out in the harsh, cold light of day before she hit the ground.

The Newest Union Man

The union

On 27 January, 2023, I came into the office late.

I came late because I spent the morning filling out my application to the SFWA (Science Fiction & Fantasy Writers’ Association), including proof of income, my union dues, and volunteering however they want me. I’ve been waiting for this day for twenty-five sacré years, since I sent off that first package of manuscript to Sheila Williams over at Asimov’s one fine day in 1998.

Today, I got the news: My application was approved. I am a Union Man.

The SFWA was started in 1965 by Damon Knight as a means of support and even collective action in dealing with publishers, editors, agents, and producers. They’re the ones you turn to when your publisher disappears into the night with your rights and your check. They’ve also evolved into public advocacy for science fiction and fantasy, as well as running workshops, mentorship programs, medical funds, Writer Beware, and, of course, the Nebula Awards.

(as a new voting member, I officially take bribes in children’s equipment and fine alcohols. :P)

The SFWA has been a source of prestige since they fought for Tolkien’s rights to his American royalties. Associate member status (which I now possess) requires at least $100 in lifetime sales, which is a much, much harder number to reach than folks outside SF/F realize. Full membership requires a cool grand in income. It’s a select group, and I am proud to burnish all my future manuscripts and queries with “SFWA member” at the top right front-page header, selon Shunn. Editors don’t mind seeing it either. It won’t get a bad story in…but it might tip the scales against an equally good submission.

Required for all invocations of the union in Science Fiction

And…I’m a union man. I can feel Jack London slapping me on the back and welcoming me to the family, Bayard Rustin grinning that shit-eating grin, George Orwell nodding in sour approval. I am standing with my comrades, as loose as the SFWA is about comradeship (but any organization that had Heinlein in it would have to be). I signed up to mentor, to read, to help other writers, to “give my heart, my soul, to give some friend a hand.”

This morning I am born again. I’m in the promised land.

Linghun, by Ai Jiang 江艾

I don’t read much in the way of horror these days. This is normally the part where the cultural critic decries how THE REAL HORROR IS LIFE or KIDS THESE DAYS and, nah, I’m just not usually in the mood. It’s a me thing, not a Catonian stand against o tempora o mores.

But when Ai Jiang told me her upcoming novella, Linghun, was ghosts among Chinese-Canadians where the real horror is the living…well, how could I say no?

(though reading it over the course of a hospital stay for a double pulmonary embolism may not have been the most copacetic circumstances ever)

Though Ai Jiang switches up viewpoints (and persons – more on that later), the main viewpoint is Wenqi, the Chinese-Canadian teenage daughter of a family that just moved to HOME. HOME is somewhere out in the Plains Provinces, presumably not far from the Fitzgerald sisters’ Bailey Downs, a small town with only one (revolting) realtor where each house is haunted. They aren’t haunted by a specific ghost, but the ghosts that the occupants bring with her. At least, I don’t think they’re house ghosts – there’s some indication that the ghosts are a bit like small gods and take on the form you’re thinking of, but other indicators they really are the shades of the people the families have lost. But there’s only so many houses in HOME, so the charismatic realtor convinces folks to hand her their life savings, sell their earthly possessions, live in their cars or on the lawns of the houses in the fervent hope that one day, they may have a house. One day, they might see their loved ones again.

Wenqi gets the “I” of first person, as her mother (and, to a lesser extent, her father) obsess over her eternally six-year-old older brother, while she herself counts down the days she can graduate high school and split. At risk of another Ginger Snaps reference, “out by eighteen or dead on the scene” is a very apt description of HOME, where the ghosts are more vital than the living. And “together forever” comes in with Liam, son of a couple of technically-living zombies on Wenqi’s front lawn, and Wenqi’s slow …romance?… with him. I won’t spoil, but, well, with this kind of story, it’s no spoiler to say she’s not going to make it out. Not for long.

But Wenqi’s viewpoint isn’t the only one we get. I’ve described Ai Jiang before as a stylist, lyrical and experimental like Bradbury, and in Linghun that comes out in the different persons of the three viewpoint characters. Wenqi is first person. Liam’s sections are a depersonalized, denatured third-person, fitting the boy who’s “been here awhile” and sleepwalking through his few remaining days among the technically living. His parents maneuver and manipulate him into that …romance?… with Wenqi, but he has his own ideas. To start with, escaping with Wenqi, the one other person who seems to want to get out.

Especially after the auction. Most lively I see the living. That’s not a compliment.

The third viewpoint is a character referred to as “Mrs.,” another Chinese immigrant who is housed but unhaunted by her husband’s ghost. Here, Ai Jiang is at her most experimental – actual second person prose, and outside of interactive fiction yet! It is uncomfortably personal and incredibly close. I can’t reveal much about Mrs. without spoiling, and, frankly, I still don’t understand how she fits into the plot and ongoing story of Wenqi and Liam. Except…she does. Her sections are the most lyrical and disturbing, and somehow thematically encapsulate everything else in Linghun in vivid color. I found myself thinking of Mrs. in particular days and weeks later, long after Wenqi and Liam had faded from memory. Mrs. is a ghost that haunts.

She never gets a person-perspective of her own, but I feel like the real protagonist of Linghun is Wenqi’s mother. She uprooted her family from Fujian all the way across a sea to Canada to get away from Tianqi’s ghost…then, a decade later, dragged her family to HOME to worship his shade, cooking him youtiao until they rot in the fridge. What happened to this woman? How did she break this hard? Tianqi was her first and her son…but what made her turn around and bask in his reflected glow? What is her story?

Ai Jiang, based on what I’ve read of her so far, excels at experimental style, at sketches of diverse character, and at sfumato. What other writers would explicitly spell out (as the second-generation sacrifice of heritage in Ken Liu’s “Paper Menagerie” compared to Ai Jiang’s “Give Me English”), Ai Jiang dribbles so slowly you can’t really tell when the horror set in, when it became too late, when one thing became another…if it ever really did. Hers is a world of shadow, at the dappled places at the corners of the Mona Lisa’s mouth or the face of the Madonna in the Meadow. May she continue experimenting in the shadows, those places are her métier.

You may notice this review is a collection of characters and viewpoints within a single conceit. That’s because, essentially, that’s what Linghun is. How different people react to this quietly horrifying town, obsessed with the dead and ghosts. Joss Whedon described Firefly as “nine people looking out into space, and seeing nine different things.” I feel like, more than plot or story, that’s what Linghun is fundamentally about – how we live, or fail to live, with the dead, each person looking into the house and seeing a different ghost. Not even Wenqi and her mother see the same Tianqi, and her father would have to have enough personality to see a ghost at all.

And I wonder…what ghost does Ai Jiang see, when she looks into HOME?

“Morbier” by R. S. Benedict

Cover of Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction, July/August 2018
F&SF – Jul/Aug 2018

Mara has no past.

[…]

By the look on her face, I figure she’s stoned, and by her odd clothing, I guess she’s a hipster, so I have to show her something daring. I point to the Morbier. Illustrating the structure with my hands, I tell her, “It’s got two layers: the end of the day’s curds on the bottom and the beginning of the next day’s curds on top, separated by a layer of ash.

Thus begins the series of moments in time that compose R. S. Benedict’s “Morbier,” from the July/August 2018 issue of Fantasy & Science Fiction. It’s haunted me ever since I read it on the train to San Jose for that year’s WorldCon.

It starts with the introduction of Mara, the woman without a past, who until last year had no social security number, no birth certificate, no fingerprints or DNA on file. Trish introduces her, Trish, the smoker sous-chef with some extra pudge around the middle and an eye for the beauty of women like Mara.

In the double-space to a new scene, a new moment, we cross the ash, from today’s curds to yesterday’s, when they met at the farmer’s market, and where Trish pointed out the Morbier. We cross, back and forth, across the ash, from yesterday to today, over the course of the story – and twice across into tomorrow’s curds, once in the middle of the story and at the very end. Today is in the depths of winter, and yet

I’m at the farmer’s market again. It’s springtime, all puddles and pollen. The girl is gone and she’s not coming back.

But our next double-space across the ash, to today, is to describe the other great food metaphor of the story: the chocolate fountain.

A chocolate fountain is a biological weapon disguised as a dessert. Once deployed, the fountain burbles out an invitation to every guest who has just scratched a rash or picked a nose to stick their germy fingers into the brown downpour. For fear of injury lawsuits, the chocolate (which is always of low quality) is not hot enough to kill bacteria – instead, it is diluted with a generic vegetable oil to maintain its runny consistency. By the end of the night, it becomes a sweet, gushing petri dish.

I’ve never eaten of a chocolate fountain, and I never will. Not after these fruits of Benedict’s exhaustive research.

Mara and Trish work at an exclusive Connecticut country club, Trish in the kitchen (but she smokes with the waitstaff) and Mara on the waitstaff. They set up and tear down the chocolate fountain, feed their blue-blooded and well-heeled guests on Costco stuffed grape leaves, steal bottles from the cellar when they can get away with it. It’s all they, and their colleagues, Ivan, Jake, and Peggy, can do. Those well-heeled bastards and blue-blooded heiresses treat them as subhuman. Mara is notable for being the only waitress or waiter who hasn’t barricaded herself in the closet to cry, even after the short litany of personal abuses and degradations Trish off-handedly relates.

Mara saves that for home at the apartment, with Trish, where she checks the fridge five times a night to make sure her leftover spaghetti is still there, where she curls into a ball in the bed for Trish to wrap herself around and hope, where she trembles when two friends of theirs, James and Geoffrey, announce their engagement. “Oh God,” Mara trembles, “the government has you on a list now. Oh God, oh God, oh God.”

No one’s sure what to make of Mara, the girl without a past. Her therapist assures her that her memories of time travel, of a terrible future somewhere beyond the ash, are confabulations, but teams of doctors can only wring their hands and wonder if she’s not from some Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt bunker instead. She has a scar on her temple where she says they put in an implant (now, thankfully, finally dead). Once, while high, Trish asks Mara why they would have sent her. Mara just shrugs, “experiments need guinea pigs.”

And, slowly, we piece together where Mara is going, if not where she comes from.

One of the worst of the guests is a tech-lord named Helmut Geier, and his son, Hal. The father cannot meet any eye, speaks in a low monotone mumble, and communicates entirely through his assistant. All he ever communicates is “fire that waiter.” Some, like Jake, have made a game of it, getting fired and showing up again the next day. Helmut does not see the waitstaff as distinct enough people to bother differentiating. All except Mara, who performs with preternatural knowledge of his tastes and preferences.

This time, the assistant’s message is: “he wants you to wait his table from now on.”

And so, when Helmut stays over a week at the club with his son in tow, for his son’s birthday, Mara works breakfast, lunch, and dinner, serving the billionaire’s peculiar needs. Usually before he voices them. Of the son, Hal…well…he’s eleven years old, speaks in grunts instead of his father’s mumbles, spends his every waking hour either on bloodthirsty video games or oversexed anime. Mara serves him as well, at his birthday party:

“Hal Geier has a taste for fried foods, but he doesn’t like to get grease on his device. So every item of food on his plate must have a toothpick in it to keep his fingers clean. He wants chicken tenders and those little French fries shaped like smiley faces. Put broccoli on his plate, too, but only to satisfy his father – the boy will not eat it. And he’ll want a big squeezy bottle of ketchup to go with it.”

“How did you figure all this out?” I ask.

“Research,” she says.

The chocolate fountain burbles on.

And something funny happens at Hal Geier’s birthday party.

It starts with the hypochondriac grandmother, the one who communicates entirely in racist slurs and fatphobic comments, complaining of stomach cramps, whisked away by her personal physician. Then an uncle, the heavy drinker and heavy eater, so no worries. Than a blonde boy who loves to steal food and let his mother emerge from her vodka long enough to laugh at the waitstaff who was too slow for him. Then a little girl named Gertrude – and that’s when it stops being funny, when the kitchen stops making side bets on the next guest to fall.

Now we cross the ash, to the weekend before Christmas, to the loading dock, where Trish is smoking with the waitstaff. Peggy the shift manager pops a question, a hack question for a hack amateur sociologist: “Would you kill baby Hitler?” Only Trish thinks to question the givens, asking if Hitler is predestined, if her attempt was predestined, whether she was doomed to fail. And then Mara answers, pointing to the long history of European anti-Semitism, to the brutality of WWI and the inadequacy of the peace, all the people who willingly participated in the Third Reich. If you killed Hitler, someone else could step into his shoes.

Peggy happily writes up “whether great men make history or history makes great men.” And Mara takes a last pull on her smoke, and gives her real answer, Benedict’s real answer, the heart of the story and the question she set out to ask:

[To prevent the Holocaust,] “You have to kill a lot more people.”

When Trish finally emerges from the kitchen, back across the ash in the present, the bodies have been moved out the back door, the party guests gone, the teardown crews “unaware they’re interfering with a crime scene.” The buffet is cooling in one corner, the stuffed animals deathly still in the centers of the tables, the party streamers hanging limp. The guests who aren’t dead, will be.

And Mara is standing next to the putrid petri dish of wealthy excess: the chocolate fountain, with the red juice of a strawberry and a speck of chocolate at the corner of her mouth.

“You shouldn’t have come,” are her last words. Along with “I’m sorry.”

We cross the ash one last time. Into the future, where Trish wakes up every morning in “the wrong life,” hounded by police and reporters, wondering if her girlfriend really was from the future, really had to kill all those people to prevent it, if she was just crazy, if Trish herself is crazy.

It’s a life cut in half by disaster, and the past lies buried beneath a layer of ash.

(If you’re racking your brains trying to remember where you heard of R. S. Benedict before, she was the Main Character of Twitter for about 36 hours, because of a dumbass opinion on fanfic. You may also notice that nowhere in this summary does fanfic come up. Her opinion of fanfic has no bearing whatsoever on this story. A person can have a shitty opinion and still be a good writer, published in F&SF. No matter what Twitter tells you.)

Many reviewers, then and now, compared “Morbier” to 12 Monkeys. The crazed time traveler, the sympathetic love interest here in the present, the unfathomable disaster to come, the brutal things to be done “in the present.”

It is not.

It is La Jetée.

La Jetée (1968)
I love that this cover is composed like a slice of Morbier.

Both 12 Monkeys and “Morbier” derive from La Jetée, but “Morbier” hones closer to the disjointed, nightmarish effect of the original. It was only on the third reread that I caught the calls-forward, the rhythm of the temporal displacements, the creeping hints that Mara is not crazy – the hints Trish doesn’t quite pick up on, even as she relates them.

This story creeps. It creeps up your spine and down your gorge, and then stays there.

“You’d have to kill a lot more people” is Benedict’s answer to the hoary old question, and Mara unflinchingly acts on that answer. She tries to save the waitstaff, the class innocents, from her bacteriological guillotine (since no staff member is dumb enough to eat from the fountain) but she can’t save them from the disjoint, from the horror of waking up in the wrong life ever after. She truly loves Trish, but has to keep her at arm’s distance. If you truly believed in killing baby Hitler, and killing a lot more people besides, to prevent a Holocaust, you would have to be Mara.

Ask yourself if you could do it. I still don’t have an answer myself.

On Older Protagonists

A few weeks back on Twitter, in the great quiet of year’s end, the writerly discourse turned to the demographics of fantasy protagonists. Most of them are in their early 20s, same for science fiction, and at least a few of us would like to see some older protagonists, in the fullness or twilight of life, so they can share in the grand imaginative adventures, too.

I pointed out, at the time, part of the problem is structural. “It’s easier,” I said, “to write Luke Skywalker leaving the farm than Uncle Owen.” Indeed, a few dead parents, a  bildungsroman call, and your youthful protagonist is out on the road to adventure (whether the hyperlanes outward or some imaginative quest inward). It’s harder to disentangle a middle-aged protagonist from their mortgage, their children, their established career, their set habits. The usual ways of ‘freeing’ such characters from their bonds, like fridging, are generally considered hack and in bad taste.

Twitter, of course, moved on to the next sexy Discourse like a throwaway line in a Barenaked Ladies song. But I kept thinking about it, and brought it up to a few of my slower-paced communities, and we discussed the elders’ equivalents of the bildungsroman and the Call to Adventure – ways to get our older protagonists out on the way to their own fantasies and science fictions. This list is by no means comprehensive, but a few ideas to get us all started.

Ebenezer Scrooge

An older person has a lot more time to get stuck in their ways than a young person does. Indeed, part of the appeal of a younger protagonist is seeing what ways they’ll get started on, what habits and ideals they’ll choose. The appeal of an Ebenezer Scrooge is watching them change their ways, usually for the better, before it’s too late. The Ghost of Christmas-Yet-To-Come must loom large here, the ultimate ‘too late’ to change before, for our putative Scrooge to realize what looms just before them. Whether your Scrooge is visited by three literal ghosts or not, they’re stuck in their ways and must be dislodged from them, forced to mend the habits and attitudes that have served them so well for so long and now trap them. Before it’s too late.

James Bond

This is the man (or woman, or enby) who spent A Bad War, and has no place in the peace that has settled since. They were probably on the winning side, but they never won the peace. Theirs is a thousand yard stare, an affected disaffection, and a host of terrible coping strategies. The literary James Bond is a fragile creature, an object of some pity to the people around him, a man a bit out of his time. His quest is to come to terms with what he’s seen and done in the horrors of the war (whatever war, however metaphorical, it was), whether that’s clinically aided by a therapist’s office, or tying up loose ends, or coming to a (quasi-)religious epiphany that yes, he can live with it,

Perhaps like Sisko here

…but that’s not his real work, now, is it? His real work is coming to grips with the peace, the world made in the shadow of the old war, where poppies grow and children play where the horrors were. The world here now and the world to come, born of the world he knew and can’t reconcile. That is the master-work, the relationship to his anima to the war’s relationship to his shadow.

My friend Michael Martin noted a variation, the Jason Bourne, an older figure who’s been carrying on a personal vendetta so long the world has moved on without them and trying to settle it long after settling it was of any good to anyone.

Martin Bishop (Michael Martin)

This is pretty much every role Robert Redford played after 1980, but I single out Martin Bishop of Sneakers. He is the mentor to a new generation, but this is his story, tying up the loose ends he left behind from his youth. He needs to resolve them, or fail to do so, while handing the reins to the next generation. This is Indiana Jones in Crystal Skull, however ineptly that story was handled: reconciling to Marion, finishing Oxley’s work as Oxley has long descended into madness, inducting his son into the ways of archaeology, coming to terms with the fact that his father and his friends are gone, and he will soon follow. It’s every damn thing a Martin Bishop has to cope with, all at once. Pick one, or at most, two of those, and let your own Obi-Wan tell his story and go into his own double-sunset.

Jake and Elwood Blues

We all remember this one from every heist caper from 1980 to Ocean’s 13.

He needs to come out of retirement for One Last Job, and, usually in the course of it, Get The Band Back Together.

This elder’s adventuring career is long behind them, but their current reduced circumstances or beaten-down moral compass demands they come do just one more before they fade into a comfortable, yet irrelevant, retirement. Whether it’s putting down the last of the old evil (or its attempted imitators, because the kids Don’t Understand), boosting the biggest score of their career, or putting on one last show to save the orphanage where they grew up, this is the last job, and meeting (or recruiting) the people they lost contact with, left behind, who changed in the years since, is a key component, facing our elder with how different the world has become without them.

John Perry

“On his 75th birthday, John Perry did two things. First, he visited his wife’s grave. Then, he joined the army.”

Old Man’s War, John Scalzi

Their partner is gone. For some, their career. But a huge part of their life, something that gave them meaning and cadre and comfort, is gone. Like the Scrooge, they must change. Unlike Scrooge, the change has come upon them, and now they must wrestle with a life already changed, rather than drift toward a certain fate.

Forty years go by with someone laying in your bed/ Forty years of things you say you’d wish you’d never said/ How hard would it have been to say some kinder words instead?/ I wonder as I stare up at the sky turning red…

I personally don’t much care if they find a new love, or come to terms with the pain of widowhood, or go join the army. Let them find something. Let them grow meaning back from the tender place where there used to be someone, something. Let them grow and change into something new.

The examples I’ve given are men, mainly white. That’s because the archetypes and examples I know are from another age, an age dominated by men, mainly white. I hope with some applicability, better writers than myself can use them as a springboard for stories about their own identities, or about Others than themselves. There is no reason for Scrooge to be Episcopal or Bond to be male, or for their stories to follow well-trodden Campbellian paths.

I offer these as ideas and places to start, a list intentionally incomplete, a page left half-written, for others to finish and to build on.

Now then, let me get back to my submissions to Gargantua, where somehow all these figures have sprung up at once…

“The City Sunk, the City Risen” by R. Jean Mathieu

Cover art by Melissa Mathieu

The classic Ecopunk! story, “The City Sunk, the City Risen” is now available stand-alone on Amazon! Patrons on Patreon got a sneak peek and a pre-order a week early, but now the story is available to all and sundry.

Ladli dabbed at her brow with the hem of her sari. It was not Proper, but then, neither was she. A proper auntie would not have wasted what few rupees they had on electricity from the neighbourhood’s jugaar solar install, not have wasted yet more on roadside dhaba meals so she’d have time to work, not have sent Maandhar diving into the deep on mad bright dreams instead of honest cons like the rest of the diver-boys.

The thought had occurred to her, in the shadows of the multinationals, as she queued for water. The ubiquitous cloud of diver-boys swarmed any out-of-towners or people who looked rich.

“Many diamonds, uncle, from the old days!”

“Only two hundred rupees investment!”

“Prizes from the deep!”

Ladli and her family live on the shores of sunken Surat, seeking sustenance from the waters that were once the downtown Diamond District. Her promising nephew Maandhar dives for treasures and tricks gullible tourists, her brother-in-law Guarav from the fish that gather fewer and fewer every year. Ladli looks down into the dirty deep and the bones of the city that once was, and dreams of a garden, a garden of beauty and wealth, that might rise from the waters again…

Interested to hear more? Pick up a copy of “The City Sunk, the City Risen” from Amazon.com today.

Guest Post: “A Non-Gamer’s Review of Sims 3”

Today’s guest post is again from Melissa Mathieu, my long-suffering wife. This is a thoughtful piece about her changing relationship with video games, and the philosophy of Sims 3 that goes far beyond the simulationist argument. Enjoy!

N. B. – as Melissa plays her game on my computer, the language of the game is in French. Most of the pictures should still be self-explanatory. Sul sul!

Since I had my daughter, I needed something to occupy me during long hours spent breastfeeding. To be honest, I’m not a gamer. I had never had a game of my own before Sims 3. I was accustomed to watch my beloved brother play for hours, and I realized how vital video games were to my brother’s life experience, and still are. When I met my husband, he was surprised that I supported him playing video games, unlike past girlfriends. After many philosophical discussions on video game player styles, and video game philosophy/sociology, I became aware that I like “sandbox” games. I’m not keen on games that require hand/eye coordination: not that I don’t have plenty for embroidery or cooking, but games like first person shooters, RPGs and platformers didn’t appeal to me.

My alignment is Chaotic Good. So when I play any type of game it’s to test the limits of the game, and allow creativity and impulsivity to rule my behavior. This is one place where I don’t have to be careful (though I’m very protective of my sims). Roscoe and I had a game together, and then I discovered how much I enjoyed character design. I’ve always been interested in textiles and fashion. Sims 3 has an infinity of different colors and fabrics to work with. They have a limited amount of designs, but I found I can totally change the look of an item by changing the fabric. So this was the first hook: character design and clothing design.

Next I became aware that the traits a character has creates a gestalt that governs the sim’s behavior: their interactions with others, their tendency to do literally anything. There were successes, and mysteries, and complete failures. My favorite sim is a snob and a perfectionist— and yet she is one of the most pleasant sims I’ve met. She is vain— but she’s also truly independent, and I’ve included her in other games when I didn’t intend to because she makes the ideal girlfriend. Despite having two questionable traits!

Best girlfriend
Best girlfriend

 The two biggest failures were based on one trait having unintended consequences. One character had the “vegetarian” trait which somehow with her other traits made her so abrasive that she was instantly rejected once she talked to a pretty girl (yes, my sims much resemble me : more queer than straight, and extremely Jewish). What I had intended was a calm, strong woman in touch with nature. The next mystery/failure could not get along with really anybody. She is a character in my upcoming short story, “Yerushalmi”. In the story, she’s very strong in who she is, she’s courageous, outrageous, and very sexy. Somehow the gestalt of her traits in the game made her be unpleasant and never ever smiling.

Yehuda - she never smiles
She never smiles(TM)

I really do feel something for my sims. I have one game that has been going for three generations. And the family home that I created using the Rectangular starter house gives me such comfort. It has become a home that will grace future generations of Sims!Mathieus in perpetuity, and its character is even more deep for all the family portraits from the AI which somehow can create beautiful still lives and portraits.

I watch my sims’ best and worst moments. I feel genuine pride when I see my sims reach a lifetime goal; at their weddings, their pregnancies, their deaths. I express my affection through building and designing homes for characters, and even more so when I design the perfect mate. It’s a game, but it’s become an opportunity to express myself creatively, and see the whisper in the machine. The ineffeable effect of random chance set within certain chosen parameters. It’s a story unfolding, it gives these highly customisable pixels life, however imagined. I can’t imagine time better spent (within moderation).

“Give Me English,” by Ai Jiang 江艾

I read this story when it came out, and got reminded of it again when @AiJiang_ mentioned it was up for Nebula consideration. And I remembered why I had forgotten it.

The narrator, English name Gillian, opens the story thus:

I traded my last coffee for a coffee.

As she embraces the reality of dark bitter liquid in a cup, the word vanishes from her mind. Very Taoist. Gillian lives in a future New York, an immigrant from Fujian like her author, dominated by Langbase. The Langbase, in everyone’s head, is the sum total of their vocabulary in every language and their currency. Little spare ands and thats get dispensed as small change, but other words, more important words, like coffee and tea and 咖啡 and , get bought and sold for real goods, for bus tickets, for rent. And rent in New York is always expensive.

She accepts her c—– and her own Langbase changes from 987 to 986 words.

When Gillian goes to the Language Exchange, she always says the same thing: “Give me English.”

She spends most of the story in the company of Jorry, another Chinese immigrant to America, so thoroughly Westernized he sold his Chinese names long ago on the Exchange, and so thoroughly Chinese he preens and fronts and lords it over his family back home even though his real business is gambling his words in vast language casinos and prefers Gillian

silent, docile, obedient.

Jorry is a piece of work.

But the real meat of the story is in the other people Gillian interacts with. Two New Yorker mothers with their perfect blonde babies in overpriced strollers bragging about the cost and effort of purchasing entire dictionaries’ worth of words, in multiple languages, for their scions, and we know this to be the real wealth of the world. Language. The Silent woman, homeless, mute, having long bargained away her last paltry ands and thes, that Gillian tosses a few ands to, and who bows her head in gratitude, muttering “and” like a mantra, now that she has it again, now that Gillian has loosed her tongue. And Gillian’s mother, back in Fuzhou, who tries to communicate with her daughter but even she, proud as she is of her daughter making it to America, realizes somewhere in the back of her mind how much it cost, how Gillian has had to sell almost everything of her native tongue(s). Everything but “home” and “mama.”

All through the story, we see words like “c—–” and “L—–.” We never find out what they are. And they unsettlingly grow more numerous as the story goes on, leaving us to wonder.

The end of the story scares me. I’m not sure if it’s a choke of the Kindle edition, or if it’s there on the printed page, but after rejecting Jorry and selling his name to gamble on, after meeting the former Silent who got her name back because of Gillian’s kindness, Gillian hits the exchange again, and says “give me English.”

My eyes scrolled through my Langbase and then on home and then on



and

I’ve stood in many gwailo bars, many classrooms, many taxicabs, that were the Language Exchange. English for Mandarin, Mandarin for English. I started a romance with the one woman in the room who would trade her Cantonese for French. I taught English from the Mongolian border to the Shenzhen river, from the foothills of the Himalaya to the streets of Shanghai. It was always additive. Everyone gained by sharing their tongues, sharing liberally like wine at Cana.

What if it wasn’t?

What if language really was a zero-sum game?

What if it is?

Now I remembered. I’d felt the edges of my English wither and die under the onslaught of everyday Mandarin, felt the Mandarin vanish like concrete-shoed bodies in the vast Cantonese sea of the Pearl River Delta. It’s why I defend my French with such zeal and paranoia. It’s the fervent hope I can gift both French and English, and Hebrew and a californio’s smattering of Spanish, to my daughter. It’s the judgement I pass on my forefathers for losing their own French, generation on generation.

Because that is a wealth. An inheritance, une héritage. And it can be won or lost.

In Gillian, I see my father and his father. In the language exchange, I see all those classrooms, gwailo bars, taxicabs, teahouses. In the language casino, I see the predatory creep of English and Spanish, of the mindset that strips them of all character with so much socioeconomic turpentine and renders them “good investments” rather than subjects of their own, home of poets, worthy in their own right.

And callously discards any languages, any vocabulary, that are not “good investments.”

I see the forces that brought me to China, that gave me a job and an apartment there, that allowed me to make my living and go to university.

When I heard about it, I compared this story to Ken Liu’s seminal “Paper Menagerie.” “Paper Menagerie” is a focused story, a clear story, clear as crystal, of the son of immigrants turning toward the all-encompassing American culture and then back again to that of his parents once he realizes its inherent worth. It is ultimately joyful. “Give Me English” is how we sell notre héritage, our vocabulary and our tongues, in dribs and drabs…even, ultimately, bartering off “home” and “mama” before we cannibalize the first things we sold out for in order to keep the lights on.

That’s what scared me. That’s what I wanted to forget. How terribly real it is, this parceling out of our intellectual souls, our dialects and accents. And how hard it is to get it back.

It can be got back.

The Silent woman’s name is K—–. She knows what it is, thanks to Gillian, but neither we nor Gillian ever do.

Ultimately, “Give Me English” is a joyful story, too. Even in this world, language is not always a zero-sum game, even as in our own, language exchange is not always positive-sum.

I am not certain if it will win the Nebula it deserves. It may be too reliant on the uneasy, unquiet feelings of multilinguals and third-culture kids, the in-between feelings that have no names in any tongue. On the acrid smoke and sweat of the gwailo bar when you hear “hey, we could language exchange, Mandarin/English?” and the mold of New York tenement basements where immigrant stories start. But it damn well deserves the nomination, because it i———– so much cloudy a———– in the same realities that “Paper Menagerie” made so clear.

This time, I will remember. I have to. Je me souviens.

A Scary Story for Nouvel’An: “No More Final Frontiers”

In Québec, there’s a long tradition of telling scary stories on the darkest nights of the year. As “mon pays, ceci n’est pas un pays, c’est hiver”* fills with endless snow and the days grow short, people gathered together around the campfires and told tales of werewolves, demons, devils, and wendigos. Some of the most famous stories in Québécois folklore, like Rose LaTulippe or the Chasse-Galerie, arise from these long-ago campfire tails in the dead of subarctic night. And none are more scary, none more hair-raising, than the tales told on New Year’s Night, when the stars are bright and cold and clear and the dim fire throws shadows that could be loup-garou with cold breath, and the chill is always hovering too close to the tiny circle of warmth.

So here, free, two days only, is mon conte de Nouvel’An.

In 2109, there is no more space program.

No more Discovery.

No more Final Frontiers.

I wrote “No More Final Frontiers” after they announced the Space Shuttle program was ending, with no clear hope forward other than hitching a ride with the Russians. SpaceX remained unclaimed. Since it’s been claimed, since the Dragon roars through the sky…I still see this as a possible future, one to warn against. The more Elon Musk tries to gobble up outer space as his personal demesne, muscling out competition while deriding nonprofit or governmental space exploration, crowning himself King of Mars with wannabe serfs lining up for the pleasure, the more I wonder if one hundred years from now, anyone will remember or care after he inevitably burns out.

I dedicated it to two men who died that year – Neil Armstrong, the first man to walk on the moon, and Kyle Bruner, a shipmate of mine on the Lady Washington who died trying to save a woman from getting robbed in the Bahamas. The deaths of these two men are what inspired this particular horror story, this story of time forgot.

For the next forty-eight hours, “No More Final Frontiers” is available for free on Amazon. It’s the story of “Space Dennis,” one of the last crews of a historical reenactment space program, and one of the last to get the news that it’s been shut down. He and his shipmates hatch a plot to steal the space shuttle, but even abandoned property is harder to steal than it looks, and they’ll  be faced with the question whether it’s even worth it…

Bonne année. Bon rêve.

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